Nobel Prizes 2000
Chemistry
- The Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Alan Heeger
"for the discovery and development of conductive polymers"
Alan MacDiarmid
"for the discovery and development of conductive polymers"
Hideki Shirakawa
"for the discovery and development of conductive polymers"
Economic Sciences
- The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel
James J. Heckman
"for his development of theory and methods for analyzing selective samples"
Daniel L. McFadden
"for his development of theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice"
Literature
- The Nobel Prize in Literature
Gao Xingjian
"for an œuvre of universal validity, bitter insights and linguistic ingenuity, which has opened new paths for the Chinese novel and drama"
Peace
- The Nobel Peace Prize
Kim Dae-jung
"for his work for democracy and human rights in South Korea and in East Asia in general, and for peace and reconciliation with North Korea in particular"
Physics
- The Nobel Prize in Physics
Zhores Alferov
"for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics"
Herbert Kroemer
"for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics"
Jack Kilby
"for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit"
Physiology or Medicine
- The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Arvid Carlsson
"for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system"
Paul Greengard
"for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system"
Eric Kandel
"for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system"